Government Medical
Colleges in Punjab
Punjab has 6 Government Medical Colleges, including AIIMS Bathinda and ESIC Medical College, Ludhiana. Some of the top Government Medical Colleges in Punjab are Government Medical College, Patiala, Government Medical College, Amritsar, and Guru Gobind Singh Medical College, Faridkot. Altogether, Government Medical Colleges in Punjab offer approximately 1,000 MBBS seats.
List of AIIMS Government Medical Colleges in Punjab 2026
| S.No. |
College Name |
University |
Management |
Established |
MBBS Seats |
| 1 |
All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda |
Statutory Autonomous, AIIMS (New Delhi) |
Central Government |
2019 |
100 |
List of State Government Medical Colleges in Punjab 2026
| S.No. |
College Name |
University |
Management |
Established |
MBBS Seats |
| 1 |
Dr. B. R. Ambedkar State Institute of Medical Sciences, Mohali |
Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot |
State Government |
2021 |
100 |
| 2 |
Government Medical College, Amritsar |
Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot |
State Government |
1943 |
250 |
| 3 |
Government Medical College, Patiala |
Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot |
State Government |
1953 |
250 |
| 4 |
Guru Gobind Singh Medical College, Faridkot |
Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot |
State Government |
1973 |
250 |
| 5 |
ESIC Medical College, Ludhiana |
Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot |
Central Government |
2025 |
50 |
|
Total Number of MBBS Seats
|
900 |
Private Medical
Colleges in Punjab
Punjab has 7 Private Medical Colleges offering MBBS admissions through NEET UG. Among these, 5 are Private Non-Minority Medical Colleges and 2 are Minority Medical Colleges. Some of the leading private medical colleges in Punjab include Christian Medical College, Ludhiana, Punjab Institute of Medical Sciences, Jalandhar, Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Amritsar, Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Bathinda, and Dayanand Medical College & Hospital, Ludhiana. Together, these colleges offer a total of 900 MBBS seats.
List of Private Medical Colleges in Punjab 2026
| S.No. |
College Name |
University |
Management |
Established |
MBBS Seats |
| 1 |
Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Bathinda |
Adesh University, Bathinda |
Trust |
2006 |
150 |
| 2 |
Christian Medical College, Ludhiana (Christian Minority) |
Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot |
Trust |
1953 |
100 |
| 3 |
Dayanand Medical College & Hospital, Ludhiana |
Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot |
Trust |
1963 |
150 |
| 4 |
Gian Sagar Medical College & Hospital, Patiala |
Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot |
Trust |
2020 |
150 |
| 5 |
Punjab Institute of Medical Sciences, Jalandhar |
Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot |
Trust |
2011 |
150 |
| 6 |
RIMT Medical College and Hospital, Fatehgarh Sahib |
RIMT University |
Trust |
2024 |
50 |
| 7 |
Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Amritsar (Sikh Minority) |
Sri Guru Ram Das University of Health Sciences, Amritsar |
Trust |
1997 |
150 |
|
Total Number of MBBS Seats
|
900 |
Punjab MBBS
Counselling 2026
Baba Farid University of Health Sciences (BFUHS), Faridkot is the counselling authority for admission to
85% State Quota seats in Government Medical/Dental Colleges and
100% seats in Self-Financing Private Minority and Non-Minority Medical/Dental Colleges
of Punjab, including Christian Medical College (CMC), Ludhiana, for NEET UG 2026 qualified candidates.
The remaining 15% All India Quota (AIQ) seats are filled through the
Medical Counselling Committee (MCC). :contentReference[oaicite:0]{index=0}
Punjab NEET UG Counselling 2026 Highlights
| Counselling Name |
Punjab NEET UG Counselling 2026 |
| Conducting Authority |
Baba Farid University of Health Sciences (BFUHS), Faridkot |
| Counselling Mode |
Online |
| Courses |
MBBS & BDS |
| Official Website |
www.bfuhs.ac.in |
Documents Required
- NEET UG Confirmation Page
- NEET UG Admit Card
- NEET UG Rank Card
- Class 10th Mark Sheet & Certificate
- Class 11th Mark Sheet
- Class 12th Mark Sheet & Certificate
- Transfer Certificate (TC)
- Character Certificate
- Identity Proof (Aadhaar/Passport etc.)
- Caste/Category Certificate (if applicable)
- Domicile Certificate
- Passport Size Photographs
- Gap Certificate (if applicable)
Age Limit & Eligibility Criteria
- Candidates must be 17 years of age on or before 31 December 2026.
- Applicant must be an Indian Citizen. OCI candidates are also eligible as per applicable Government rules.
- Admission to MBBS/BDS is strictly based on the NEET UG 2026 score.
- General category candidates must secure the 50th percentile in NEET UG.
- SC, ST and OBC candidates must secure the 40th percentile.
- PwD candidates must satisfy the qualifying percentile prescribed under NEET UG 2026.
- Candidates should have passed 10+2 with Physics, Chemistry, Biology/Biotechnology and English from a recognized board.
- Minimum qualifying marks in PCB should be as prescribed under the latest NMC/NEET regulations.
Punjab MBBS Counselling Registration Process 2026
- Visit the official BFUHS counselling website and complete the online registration.
- Fill in all personal, academic and NEET UG details carefully.
- Upload the required photograph, signature and supporting documents.
- Preview the application form and verify all entered details.
- Accept the declaration and submit the application.
- Pay the prescribed counselling registration fee through the online payment gateway.
- Download and save the confirmation page for future reference.
Registration Fee
| Particulars |
Fee |
| Application / Processing & Verification Fee |
₹2,000/- |
Punjab MBBS Counselling Process 2026
- Online Registration: Register on the BFUHS counselling portal using your NEET UG details.
- Document Verification: Upload and verify all required documents as prescribed by the counselling authority.
- Choice Filling: Login using your credentials and fill your preferred medical and dental colleges in order of preference.
- Seat Allotment: Seats are allotted based on NEET rank, reservation policy, preferences filled by the candidate and seat availability.
- Reporting to College: Candidates allotted a seat must report to the respective institute within the prescribed schedule to complete admission formalities.
- Upgradation Round: Candidates who wish to participate for a better seat can opt for the subsequent counselling rounds.
NEET UG 2025 Qualifying Cut-Off Marks
| Category |
Qualifying Criteria |
NEET 2022 |
NEET 2023 |
NEET 2024 |
NEET 2025 |
| UR / EWS |
50th Percentile |
715-117 |
720-137 |
720-164 |
686-144 |
| OBC |
40th Percentile |
116-93 |
136-107 |
163-129 |
143-113 |
| SC |
40th Percentile |
116-93 |
136-107 |
163-129 |
143-113 |
| ST |
40th Percentile |
116-93 |
136-107 |
163-129 |
143-113 |
| UR / EWS & PwD |
45th Percentile |
116-105 |
136-121 |
163-146 |
143-127 |
| OBC & PwD |
40th Percentile |
104-93 |
120-107 |
145-129 |
126-113 |
| SC & PwD |
40th Percentile |
104-93 |
120-107 |
145-129 |
126-113 |
| ST & PwD |
40th Percentile |
104-93 |
120-108 |
145-129 |
126-113 |
Punjab MBBS
Seat Matrix
Punjab MBBS Seat Matrix provides detailed information regarding the distribution of MBBS seats available in Government and Private Medical Colleges through NEET UG counselling. The seat matrix includes State Quota, All India Quota (AIQ), Management Quota, Minority Quota and NRI Quota seats. Candidates can use the seat matrix to understand the college-wise and category-wise availability of MBBS seats before participating in the counselling process.
Punjab MBBS Seat Matrix 2019 Overview
During the 2019 admission session, Punjab had 8 Medical Colleges offering MBBS admissions through NEET UG with a total of 1,125 MBBS seats. Out of these, 500 seats were available in Government Medical Colleges and 625 seats in Private Medical Colleges. Government seats were divided into 425 State Quota and 75 All India Quota (AIQ) seats, while private colleges had State, Management, Minority and NRI quota seats.
Government Medical Colleges Seat Distribution (2019)
| S.No. |
College Name |
Total Intake |
State Quota Seats |
All India Quota Seats |
| 1 |
Government Medical College, Amritsar |
200 |
170 |
30 |
| 2 |
Government Medical College, Patiala |
200 |
170 |
30 |
| 3 |
Guru Gobind Singh Medical College, Faridkot |
100 |
85 |
15 |
| Total Government MBBS Seats |
500 |
425 |
75 |
All India Quota (AIQ) MBBS Seat Matrix 2019
| S.No. |
College Name |
GN |
GN-PH |
SC |
SC-PH |
ST |
ST-PH |
Total |
| 1 |
Government Medical College, Amritsar |
23 |
1 |
4 |
- |
2 |
- |
30 |
| 2 |
Government Medical College, Patiala |
21 |
1 |
5 |
- |
3 |
- |
30 |
| 3 |
Guru Gobind Singh Medical College, Faridkot |
11 |
1 |
2 |
- |
1 |
- |
15 |
| Grand Total |
55 |
3 |
11 |
0 |
6 |
0 |
75 |
Punjab Private Medical Colleges MBBS Seat Distribution (2019)
| S.No. |
College Name |
Total Intake |
State Quota |
Management Quota |
NRI Quota |
| 1 |
Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Bathinda |
150 |
75 |
52 |
23 |
| 2 |
Christian Medical College, Ludhiana |
75 |
37 |
26 |
12 |
| 3 |
Dayanand Medical College & Hospital, Ludhiana |
100 |
50 |
35 |
15 |
| 4 |
Punjab Institute of Medical Sciences, Jalandhar |
150 |
75 |
52 |
23 |
| 5 |
Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Amritsar |
150 |
75 |
52 |
23 |
| Total Private MBBS Seats |
625 |
312 |
217 |
96 |
Government Medical Colleges Category-wise Seat Distribution (2019)
| College |
Total Seats |
AIQ |
State Quota |
NRI |
| GMC Amritsar |
200 |
30 |
170 |
13 |
| GMC Patiala |
200 |
30 |
170 |
13 |
| Guru Gobind Singh Medical College, Faridkot |
100 |
15 |
85 |
15 |
| Grand Total |
500 |
75 |
425 |
41 |
Private Medical Colleges Seat Distribution (Session 2019)
| College |
Total Seats |
Government Quota |
Management Quota |
| Dayanand Medical College, Ludhiana |
100 |
50 |
50 |
| Punjab Institute of Medical Sciences, Jalandhar |
150 |
75 |
75 |
| Grand Total |
250 |
125 |
125 |
Private Minority Medical Colleges & Universities Seat Distribution (2019)
| College Name |
Total Seats |
General Management / Open Merit |
General Minority Quota |
NRI Seats |
| Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Amritsar |
150 |
75 |
75 |
11 |
| Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Bathinda |
150 |
150 |
- |
22 |
| Christian Medical College, Ludhiana |
75 |
16 |
48 |
11 |
Punjab MBBS Seat Matrix 2019 Summary
- Total Medical Colleges: 8
- Total MBBS Seats: 1,125
- Government Medical Colleges: 3 Colleges (500 Seats)
- Private Medical Colleges: 5 Colleges (625 Seats)
- Government AIQ Seats: 75
- Government State Quota Seats: 425
- Private State Quota Seats: 312
- Private Management Quota Seats: 217
- Private NRI Quota Seats: 96
Punjab MBBS
Fee Structure 2025
Punjab MBBS Fee Structure varies according to Government Quota, Management Quota and NRI Quota. Government Medical Colleges have subsidized tuition fees, whereas Private Medical Colleges have different fee structures for Government Quota, Management Quota and NRI candidates.
Punjab MBBS Fee Structure in Private Medical Colleges
| S.No. |
College Name |
Course Year |
Government Quota (50%) |
Management Quota (35%) |
| 1 |
Christian Medical College, Ludhiana (Christian Minority) |
1st Year |
NA |
₹6,60,000 |
| 2 |
Dayanand Medical College & Hospital, Ludhiana / Punjab Institute of Medical Sciences, Jalandhar |
1st Year |
₹4,06,000 |
₹10,42,000 |
| 2nd Year |
₹4,45,000 |
₹11,47,000 |
| 3rd Year |
₹4,86,000 |
₹12,51,000 |
| 4th Year |
₹5,27,000 |
₹13,55,000 |
| 5th Year |
₹2,84,000 |
₹7,30,000 |
| 3 |
Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Amritsar (Sikh Minority) / Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Bathinda (Sikh Minority) |
1st Year |
₹10,42,000 |
₹10,42,000 |
| 2nd Year |
₹11,47,000 |
₹11,47,000 |
| 3rd Year |
₹12,51,000 |
₹12,51,000 |
| 4th Year |
₹13,55,000 |
₹13,55,000 |
| 5th Year |
₹7,30,000 |
₹7,30,000 |
Punjab MBBS NRI Fee Structure in Private Medical Colleges
| Category |
Full Course Fee |
| 15% NRI Quota MBBS |
US $1,10,000 |
Important Fee Guidelines
- Tuition fee for the first six months shall be paid to the Registrar, Baba Farid University of Health Sciences, Faridkot.
- If a candidate is shifted from one college to another during subsequent counselling rounds, the deposited fee shall be refunded or adjusted after completion of the admission process.
- The University will refund or adjust the fee within 30 days after completion of the admission process.
- Tuition fee is payable on a six-monthly basis. Colleges cannot demand the entire course fee in advance.
- Hostel fee and refundable security deposit are payable separately as per the respective institute's rules.
Punjab Government Medical Colleges MBBS Fee Structure 2025
| S.No. |
College Name |
1st Year |
2nd Year |
3rd Year |
4th Year |
5th Year |
Total Fees |
Hostel Fee (Yearly) |
| 1 |
Government Medical College, Amritsar |
₹1,74,000 |
₹1,91,000 |
₹2,08,000 |
₹2,26,000 |
₹1,06,000 |
₹6,79,000 |
₹19,800 |
| 2 |
Government Medical College, Patiala |
₹1,74,000 |
₹1,91,000 |
₹2,08,000 |
₹2,26,000 |
₹1,06,000 |
₹6,79,000 |
₹19,800 |
| 3 |
Guru Gobind Singh Medical College, Faridkot |
₹1,74,000 |
₹1,91,000 |
₹2,08,000 |
₹2,26,000 |
₹1,06,000 |
₹6,79,000 |
₹19,800 |
| 4 |
Dr. B.R. Ambedkar State Institute of Medical Sciences, Mohali |
₹1,74,000 |
₹1,91,000 |
₹2,08,000 |
₹2,26,000 |
₹1,06,000 |
₹6,79,000 |
₹19,800 |
| 5 |
ESIC Medical College, Ludhiana |
₹1,00,000 |
₹1,00,000 |
₹1,00,000 |
₹1,00,000 |
₹1,00,000 |
₹5,00,000 |
₹10,000 |
Important Note
- The above fee structure is based on the latest available notification for Punjab MBBS Admissions.
- Hostel fees, security deposit, examination fees and other miscellaneous charges are payable separately as per the respective college rules.
- Tuition fees are subject to revision by the Government of Punjab, BFUHS and the respective medical colleges.
- Candidates are advised to verify the latest fee notification before participating in counselling.
Punjab MBBS
NEET Cutoff 2025
Punjab MBBS Cutoff 2025 is released separately for Government and Private Medical Colleges through different counselling quotas. Government Medical Colleges have 15% All India Quota (AIQ) and 85% State Quota, while Private Medical Colleges have 50% State Quota, 35% Management Quota and 15% NRI Quota. Candidates should check the category-wise closing AIR and corresponding NEET score before participating in counselling.
Government Medical Colleges
- 15% All India Quota (AIQ): Conducted by MCC/DGHS.
- 85% State Quota: Conducted by Baba Farid University of Health Sciences (BFUHS).
Private Medical Colleges
- 50% State Quota
- 35% Management Quota
- 15% NRI Quota
Punjab Government Medical Colleges State Quota Cutoff 2025
| S.No. |
College Name |
UR |
Backward Area |
EWS |
SC |
NRI |
| AIR |
Score |
AIR |
Score |
AIR |
Score |
AIR |
Score |
AIR |
Score |
| 1 |
Government Medical College, Patiala |
17605 |
540 |
11304 |
552 |
33930 |
518 |
208024 |
401 |
1094655 |
145 |
| 2 |
Government Medical College, Amritsar |
37245 |
514 |
23209 |
531 |
45998 |
505 |
190041 |
411 |
1005395 |
160 |
| 3 |
Guru Gobind Singh Medical College, Faridkot |
47531 |
505 |
49580 |
502 |
52154 |
500 |
225221 |
392 |
1076884 |
147 |
| 4 |
Dr. B.R. Ambedkar State Institute of Medical Sciences, Mohali |
35470 |
516 |
23961 |
530 |
- |
- |
206213 |
402 |
1100181 |
144 |
| 5 |
ESIC Medical College, Ludhiana |
31210 |
521 |
50416 |
501 |
- |
- |
213526 |
398 |
- |
- |
Government Medical Colleges Round-wise State Quota Cutoff 2025
| College |
Round |
UR (AIR/Score) |
Backward Area |
EWS |
SC |
NRI |
| Government Medical College, Patiala |
R1 |
9801 / 556 |
11304 / 552 |
24807 / 529 |
144058 / 436 |
778330 / 205 |
| R2 |
15289 / 544 |
- |
28960 / 524 |
163274 / 425 |
1094655 / 145 |
| R3 |
17605 / 540 |
- |
33930 / 518 |
208024 / 401 |
- |
| R4 |
42989 / 508 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
| Government Medical College, Amritsar |
R1 |
20404 / 535 |
23209 / 531 |
45030 / 506 |
177894 / 417 |
1005395 / 160 |
| R2 |
27393 / 525 |
- |
45998 / 505 |
185724 / 413 |
- |
| R3 |
37245 / 514 |
- |
41585 / 510 |
190041 / 411 |
- |
| R4 |
45529 / 506 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
| Guru Gobind Singh Medical College, Faridkot |
R1 |
21834 / 533 |
24019 / 530 |
46315 / 505 |
199708 / 405 |
1076884 / 147 |
| R2 |
31210 / 521 |
33930 / 518 |
46827 / 505 |
214023 / 398 |
- |
| R3 |
47531 / 505 |
49580 / 502 |
52154 / 500 |
225221 / 392 |
- |
| Dr. B.R. Ambedkar State Institute of Medical Sciences, Mohali |
R1 |
19662 / 536 |
23961 / 530 |
- |
185407 / 413 |
1100181 / 144 |
| R2 |
24286 / 530 |
- |
- |
206213 / 402 |
- |
| R3 |
35470 / 516 |
- |
- |
165419 / 424 |
- |
| ESIC Medical College, Ludhiana |
R1 |
30983 / 521 |
50416 / 501 |
- |
- |
- |
| R2 |
31210 / 521 |
- |
- |
206002 / 402 |
- |
| R3 |
- |
- |
- |
213526 / 398 |
- |
Punjab Government Medical College State Quota Year-wise Cutoff
| Category |
2025 |
2024 |
2023 |
2022 |
|
AIR |
Marks |
AIR |
Score |
AIR |
Marks |
AIR |
Score |
| UR |
47531 |
505 |
26020 |
651 |
41079 |
581 |
40305 |
564 |
| Backward Area |
50416 |
501 |
38124 |
637 |
47507 |
572 |
33703 |
575 |
| Backward Class |
- |
- |
51157 |
624 |
59115 |
556 |
48442 |
550 |
| EWS |
52154 |
500 |
56376 |
619 |
49582 |
569 |
44349 |
557 |
| SC |
225221 |
392 |
183601 |
515 |
202411 |
420 |
187462 |
392 |
| NRI |
1100181 |
144 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Punjab Medical Colleges
Hospital Details 2026
Punjab Medical Colleges are attached to well-equipped teaching hospitals that provide students with extensive clinical exposure. The table below includes Government and Private Medical Colleges along with their associated hospitals, establishment year, MBBS intake, postgraduate courses, hospital infrastructure, emergency facilities, HMIS availability, OPD/IPD load, average bed occupancy, and childbirth statistics.
Punjab Government Medical Colleges - Hospital Details 2026
| S.No. |
College Name |
Hospital Name |
Estb. |
MBBS Seats |
PG Seats |
Hospital Details |
Clinical Load (Monthly) |
Child Births / Month |
| Total Beds |
Emergency Beds |
HMIS |
OPD |
IPD |
Avg. Bed Occupancy |
| 1 |
Dr. B.R. Ambedkar State Institute of Medical Sciences |
Dr. B.R. Ambedkar State Institute of Medical Sciences |
2021 |
100 |
Yes |
422 |
30 |
Yes |
26,078 |
1,999 |
6,337 |
456 |
| 2 |
Government Medical College, Amritsar |
Guru Nanak Dev Hospital, Amritsar |
1943 |
250 |
Yes |
1,052 |
32 |
Yes |
48,558 |
4,071 |
614 |
542 |
| 3 |
Government Medical College, Patiala |
Government Medical College & Rajindra Hospital, Patiala |
1953 |
250 |
Yes |
1,666 |
51 |
No |
35,458 |
4,301 |
1,039 |
361 |
| 4 |
Guru Gobind Singh Medical College, Faridkot |
Guru Gobind Singh Medical College and Hospital |
1973 |
250 |
Yes |
975 |
44 |
Yes |
39,947 |
3,468 |
818 |
180 |
| 5 |
ESIC Medical College, Ludhiana |
ESIC Medical College, Ludhiana |
2025 |
50 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
Punjab Private Medical Colleges - Hospital Details 2026
| S.No. |
College Name |
Hospital Name |
Estb. |
MBBS Seats |
PG Seats |
Hospital Details |
Clinical Load (Monthly) |
Child Births / Month |
| Total Beds |
Emergency Beds |
HMIS |
OPD |
IPD |
Avg. Bed Occupancy |
| 1 |
Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Bathinda |
Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences and Research |
2006 |
150 |
Yes |
720 |
30 |
Yes |
38,022 |
3,514 |
547 |
240 |
| 2 |
Christian Medical College, Ludhiana (Christian Minority) |
Christian Medical College, Ludhiana |
1953 |
100 |
Yes |
400 |
20 |
Yes |
29,845 |
1,968 |
379 |
93 |
| 3 |
Dayanand Medical College & Hospital, Ludhiana |
Dayanand Medical College and Hospital, Ludhiana |
1963 |
150 |
Yes |
1,170 |
60 |
Yes |
69,264 |
9,499 |
1,038 |
141 |
| 4 |
Gian Sagar Medical College & Hospital, Patiala |
Gian Sagar Medical College & Hospital |
2020 |
150 |
- |
605 |
30 |
Yes |
29,332 |
14,628 |
81 |
13 |
| 5 |
Punjab Institute of Medical Sciences, Jalandhar |
Punjab Institute of Medical Sciences |
2011 |
150 |
- |
675 |
30 |
Yes |
26,966 |
2,016 |
500 |
123 |
| 6 |
RIMT Medical College & Hospital, Fatehgarh Sahib |
RIMT Medical College & Hospital, Fatehgarh Sahib |
2024 |
50 |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
- |
| 7 |
Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Medical Sciences & Research, Amritsar (Sikh Minority) |
Sri Guru Ram Das Charitable Hospital, Amritsar |
1997 |
150 |
Yes |
800 |
30 |
Yes |
39,878 |
4,210 |
89 |
301 |
What is the use of HMIS?
A Health Management Information System (HMIS) is a digital system used by hospitals to collect, store, analyze and manage healthcare data. It helps hospitals improve patient care, maintain medical records, monitor hospital performance and support decision-making at hospital, district and state levels.
What is Histopathology?
Histopathology is the study and diagnosis of diseases by examining tissues and cells under a microscope. Histopathologists analyze tissue samples to identify diseases, including infections and cancers, and provide essential diagnostic information to clinicians for patient treatment.
